American Association of Critical-Care Nurses (AACN) Certification Practice Test

What condition is characterized by excessive production of aldosterone?

1. Adrenal insufficiency

2. Cushing's syndrome

3. Conn's syndrome

4. Hyperthyroidism

The correct answer is: Conn's syndrome

Conn's syndrome, also known as primary hyperaldosteronism, is characterized by the excessive production of aldosterone from the adrenal glands. This occurs due to adrenal adenomas or hyperplasia of the adrenal cortex. Aldosterone is crucial for sodium retention, potassium excretion, and water balance, but excessive production leads to increased sodium levels, hypertension, and possible hypokalemia. The other conditions listed do not primarily involve increased aldosterone production. Adrenal insufficiency is characterized by insufficient hormone production by the adrenal glands. Cushing's syndrome involves excessive production of cortisol and possibly other adrenal hormones but does not specifically relate to aldosterone. Hyperthyroidism primarily affects thyroid hormone levels, with no direct link to aldosterone overproduction. Thus, Conn's syndrome is the correct answer as it directly relates to the condition described in the question.