American Association of Critical-Care Nurses (AACN) Certification Practice Test

What is the primary goal of nutritional support for an acutely ill patient?

1. To increase weight gain

2. To maintain current body weight

3. To minimize calorie intake

4. To improve muscle mass

The correct answer is: To maintain current body weight

Maintaining current body weight is crucial for acutely ill patients as it ensures that they are not losing lean body mass, which is vital for recovery and overall health. During acute illness, patients often face metabolic stress, which can lead to increased energy expenditure and a risk of malnutrition. Effective nutritional support aims to provide adequate calories and nutrients to sustain the patient's body during this stressful time and to support the healing process. The primary objective is to prevent weight loss rather than to promote weight gain or force calorie restriction, as these can hinder recovery in a patient already in a vulnerable state. Weight management in critically ill patients is about balancing their nutritional needs without overfeeding, which can also lead to complications. Therefore, the focus is on stabilizing their current status rather than trying to build muscle mass or promote weight gain, which may not be feasible or healthy in an acute care setting.