American Association of Critical-Care Nurses (AACN) Certification Practice Test

What is the standard outpatient antibiotic treatment for a complicated UTI?

1. Ciprofloxacin 500mg PO BID for 5-7 days

2. Amoxicillin 500mg PO TID for 7-10 days

3. Azithromycin 250mg PO daily for 5 days

4. Metronidazole 500mg PO TID for 7 days

The correct answer is: Ciprofloxacin 500mg PO BID for 5-7 days

The standard outpatient antibiotic treatment for a complicated urinary tract infection (UTI) typically includes a fluoroquinolone, such as ciprofloxacin. This is due to fluoroquinolones being effective against a variety of pathogens often associated with complicated UTIs, including resistant strains of Escherichia coli. The dosage of 500 mg taken twice daily for a duration of 5 to 7 days is generally well-supported in clinical guidelines for treating such infections. Ciprofloxacin's broad antimicrobial spectrum makes it a preferred choice in cases where the UTI is more complex, perhaps involving urinary obstruction, structural abnormalities, or other risk factors that can lead to treatment failure with less broad-spectrum antibiotics. Additionally, the oral bioavailability and the possible need for shorter treatment courses in acute cases make it more practical for outpatient management. Conversely, the other options listed either involve antibiotics that are not as effective for complicated UTIs or are indicated for different types of infections. For instance, amoxicillin may not effectively cover the resistant organisms frequently encountered in complicated UTIs. Azithromycin is primarily used for respiratory infections and some STDs, while metronidazole is mainly used for anaerobic infections and certain protozoal infections, making them unsuitable choices