American Association of Critical-Care Nurses (AACN) Certification Practice Test

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of refeeding syndrome?

1. Hypophosphatemia

2. Congestive heart failure

3. High blood pressure

4. Hemolysis

The correct answer is: High blood pressure

Refeeding syndrome is a serious condition that can occur when feeding is restarted in individuals who are malnourished or have been in a state of starvation. During this process, the body suddenly receives an influx of carbohydrates, which stimulates insulin release and shifts electrolytes and fluids, leading to significant metabolic disturbances. The characteristics of refeeding syndrome prominently include hypophosphatemia, which is a low level of phosphate that can result from the shifts in electrolytes. This condition can lead to further complications, including muscle weakness and respiratory failure. Congestive heart failure can occur due to fluid overload, particularly in patients who have been in a malnourished state and are then reintroduced to calories, potentially leading to an imbalance of fluids and electrolytes. High blood pressure is not a typical characteristic associated with refeeding syndrome. While some individuals may experience fluctuations in blood pressure due to various factors during the refeeding process, it is not a defining feature of the syndrome. Hemolysis may occur due to various reasons, including electrolyte imbalances and metabolic disturbances but is not classic for refeeding syndrome. Therefore, the presence of high blood pressure distinguishes it from the primary characteristics that define refeeding syndrome.