American Association of Critical-Care Nurses (AACN) Certification Practice Test

Which of the following triad symptoms is associated with Opioid Poisoning?

1. Hyperreflexive muscle activity, hyperthermia, mental status changes

2. CNS depression, respiratory depression, miosis

3. Lead pipe rigidity, fever, tachycardia

4. Diarrhea, dementia, dermatitis

The correct answer is: CNS depression, respiratory depression, miosis

Opioid poisoning is characterized by a specific set of symptoms believed to be the result of opioid agonism at mu receptors in the central nervous system. The correct answer highlights three primary symptoms: Central Nervous System (CNS) depression, respiratory depression, and miosis. CNS depression manifests as decreased alertness, lethargy, or altered consciousness, which are common presentations in opioid overdoses. Respiratory depression is a critical concern, as opioids can significantly decrease the respiratory drive, leading to shallow breathing or apnea, which can be life-threatening. Miosis, or constricted pupils, is a classic sign associated with opioid use and toxicity, distinguishing opioids from other types of drug overdoses, such as those caused by sympathomimetics, which typically present with dilated pupils. Other options present symptoms that do not align with the typical presentation of opioid poisoning. Hyperreflexive muscle activity, hyperthermia, and mental status changes may suggest other pathologies but are not specific to opioid overdose. Similarly, lead pipe rigidity, fever, and tachycardia can indicate conditions such as neuroleptic malignant syndrome. Diarrhea, dementia, and dermatitis are not relevant symptoms of opioid poisoning and may indicate different health issues